Lamp-extinguishing device.



No. 763,007. PATENTED JUNE 21, 1904. G. 0. A. LIEBAU.

LAMP EXTINGUISHING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1903.

N0 MODEL;

UNITED STATES Patented June 21, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

LAMP-EXTINGUISHING DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 763,007, 'dated J'une21, 1904.

Application filed June 26, 1903.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUs'rAv OTTo ANDREAS LIEBAU, a subject of theEmperor of Germany, residing in Moscow, Russia, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Lamp' Extinguishing Devices, of which thefollowing isa specification sufficient to enable others skilled in theart to which the invention appertains to make and use the same.

The object of my invention is to afford an attachment for lamp andoil-stove chimneys which will automatically extinguish the burner-flameshould the latter generate smoke from any cause, as by reason ofunevenness in the trimming of the wick, dirt in the burner, or improperadjustment of the wick causing an excess of combustion, &c., the solidproducts of combustion generated under such conditions being utilized toobstruct the draft through the chimney and to thereby smother andextinguish the flame, thus obviating all danger that might arise fromthe overheating of the parts and at the same time preventing the escapeof smoke, soot, &c., which might otherwise contaminate extraneousobjects.

The'invention consists, primarilyand essentially, in providing thechimney with a hood or cap formed with a screen having comparativelysmall fine interstices or openings which admit of the free passage ofthe gaseous products of combustion under ordinary conditions, suchintersticed screen, however, effectually preventing the escape of sootand other solid products of combustion, which are caught and held by thescreen, so that the interstices therein become clogged and obstructed tosuch an extent as to destroy the draft through the chimney. As a resultthe flame is deprived of the necessarysupply of oxygen and' is soonsmothered andextinguished, since there is no escape for the products ofcom bustion except through the interstices of a screen.

In the practical application of my improvements tothe various"conditions and requirements of use the form and arrangement of partsmay be varied considerably without departing Serial No. 163,182. (Nomodel.)

from the spirit and intent of my invention, the distinguishing featureof which consists in the combination, with the chimney, of anintersticed screen interposed in the path of the products of combustion,and I do not, therefore, confine myself to any of the identical forms orconstruction of parts herein shown and described, which simplyillustrate modifications based upon the principle involved, which Iclaim to be generic. Incidentally, however, my invention includescertain features of structure hereinafter described and claimedspecifically.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated my invention as appliedto oil-lamp chimneys, although it is obvious that it may be applied tooil-stove chimneys or to chimneys used in connection with any form ofburner, as gas-burners, hydrocarbon-vapor burners, &c., with likeresult.

Figure 1 represents diagrammatically a kerosene-oil lamp provided withone of my automaticextinguishers. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinalsection of asimple form of my device; Fig. 3, a transverse section uponplane of line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. I is a central vertical section showinga globular form of screen; Fig. 5, a transverse section upon line 5 5,

Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a central vertical section of r the device formed withan inverted conicalshaped screen. Fig. 7 is a section upon plane of line7 7, Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a central vertical section of the device formedwith a hemispherical dome and inverted conical screen; Fig. 9, atransverse section upon plane of line 9 9, Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a centralvertical sec tion of a preferred form of my device in which provision ismade for an auxiliary aircurrent to cool the parts. Fig. 11 is ahorizontal section upon plane of linell 11, Fig.10.

A represents a reservoir of liquid fuel, and B a burner of any desiredor well-known construction.

C is the chimney for conducting the 'prodguishing device consists of ascreen (I, applied to the upper end of a chimney C by suitable means.This screen d is provided with numerous fine interstices or openings d,attained either by the use of finely-woven metallic-wire screening, bythe use of perforated sheet metal, or by any other means that will admitof the passage of the gaseous products of combustion while affording abarrier to the escape of solid products of combustion, as soot, &c.

As will be seen by reference to the drawings, the form of thisintersticed screen may be varied considerably with like-result. Thescreen (Z may be attached to the chimney C in any desired manner. Iprefer, however, to accomplish this connection by means of a telescopicjoint consisting of a cylindrical section 6, fitting over the upper endof the lampchimney, upon which section a the screen may be adjustedeither directly, as shown in Fig. 2, or by means of a slidingsleeve-section (Z attached rigidly to the screen cl, as shown in theother figures.

The object of making the screen d adjustable with relation to thechimney C by means of a telescopic joint, as indicated above, is toregulate with accuracy the draft with relation to the resistance whichthe gaseous proclnets of combustion have to encounter in passing throughthe interstices in the screen d.

In Figs. 6, 8, and 10 the screen (Z is shown as provided with a hood It,by which the products of combustion are deflected to the screen. By theuse of the hood it I increase the area of surface to which the productsof combustion are exposed, and thereby distribute the heat and cool saidproducts to some extent, so that overheating of the parts is more likelyto be precipitated in the form of soot within the hood and beforeescaping through the interstices of the screen.

In order to further increase the superficial area to which the productsof combustion are exposed and to insure an equal distribution of theproducts to the screen d, I employ in some cases deflectors f,interposed under the hood 71, and in the path of the products ofcombustion as they pass to the screen d.

Figs. 6 and 10 show illustrations of this feature of my invention, whichnot only insures an even distribution of the products of combustion tothe screen, but also increases thecooling capacity of the hood It,thereby reducing the temperature of the products of combustion,precipitating carbon contained therein and preventing the overheating ofthe parts.

The cooling of the parts of the device and of the products of combustionmay be still further augmented, if desired, by the employment of anauxiliary current of air, as illustrated in Fig. 10, in which the deviceis 'whieh extraneous air is admitted to the hood.

Thus when the lamp is in operation the atmosphere will be drawn into andthrough the hood and will tend to cool the parts and condense any freecarbon contained in the products of combustion. The thimble z, isprovided with a screen 6 to prevent the escape of smoke or soot in thatdirection, so that all products of combustion generated by the flamemust pass through the interstices in a screen before they can escapeinto the atmos phere.

The area of the screen used and the size of the parts are designed to beso proportioned as to give adequate draft to the lamp under normalconditions-that is to say, in the absence of soot or other solidproducts of combustion the lamp will burn as well with as without myautomatic extinguishing device. It is only when from any cause carbon isgiven off in excess by the flame that my screen afi ords undueresistance to the products of combustion, and this it does by catchingand holding the precipitated carbon in such manner that the intersticesin the screen are rapidly obstructed and closed, thereby destroying thedraft and smothering and extinguishing the flame.

It is to be understood that my device is to be used only as a measure ofprecaution and that it will be seldom, if ever, brought into play, andthus automatically extinguish the flame. When, however, it does thusbecome clogged with soot, it may be readily cleaned by means of a jetofwater and when dry can be used again, and indefinitely.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. The combination with a burner and chimney therefor, of a screenformed with small interstices and interposed in the path of the productsof combustion and constructed to automatically extinguish the light bythe clogging of its interstices, and a series of deflectors disposedangularly with relation to the said screen and interposed in the path ofthe products of combustion between said intersticed screen and thechimney to distribute the products of combustion evenly to the screen,for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of a burner and achim ney therefor, a screen formedwith interstices and interposed in the path of the products ofcombustion and constructed to automatically extinguish the light by theclogging of its interstices, and an air-conduit for introducing air intothe products of combustion prior to their passage through .the saidscreen and a such use can be continued ing the only means for freeescape of the gaseous products of combustion sald lnterstices beingsufliciently small to prevent the escape of soot and the other solidproducts of combustion and immediately extinguish the light IO as soonas carbon is given off.

GUSTAV OTTO ANDREAS LIEBAU.

Witnesses:

D. W. GARDNER, FRANK E. ROAGH.

